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It also serves residents of Arab, Union Grove and Cherokee Ridge in Marshall County. Completed in 1908, the Cannon House Office Building is the oldest House office building. Construction of the building was complicated by the Washington Terminal Company, which had been granted an easement to build a twin railway tunnel for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company under the south-east corner of the building site.
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A U.S. Capitol Police spokesperson told NBC News that officials believe everyone went through security and entered the Cannon House Office Building according to guidelines. House and Senate office buildings, including Cannon, are open to the public, but those who enter must go through security screenings. However, demonstrations are not permitted inside congressional buildings, police say. The building's complex fiber optics system will be modernized during the project.Slated to take 10 years to complete, AOC estimates the budget of the five-phase project to be $752.7 million. Only the prep work has been done thus far, including setting up construction trailers in the staff parking lot and cordoning off sections of the adjacent New Jersey Avenue. Rooms were added to the original structure by raising the roof and constructing a fifth floor.
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Here, just 7% of all of the Los Angeles office space that was added since 2002 — 2.9 million square feet across 31 properties — was located in the city’s CBD. In April 1904, on Woods's recommendation, the commission hired the prominent New York architectural firm of Carrère and Hastings as consulting architects. One partner, Thomas Hastings, took charge of the House office building project, while John Carrère oversaw the construction of a similar office building for the Senate. The firm had a well-established working relationship with the Architect of the Capitol; they had worked together on the redesign of the Capitol space formerly occupied by the Library of Congress.
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House Office Buildings
A critical stage was reached in the life of the Cannon Building as the century-old building was plagued with serious safety, health, environmental and operational issues that caused rapid deterioration. Without action through the Cannon Renewal, the essential systems housed behind the walls and in mechanical rooms would continue to crumble and fail, impacting members, staff and constituents. To address these urgent problems and to ensure the Cannon Building provides an effective congressional workplace into the next century, the Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is undertaking a complete renewal of the building. The first would have provided for a $2 million extension of the Capitol’s east front, but this project proved highly controversial and unpopular among those who wanted to preserve the building’s original exterior. The second project, calling for two new office buildings, moved ahead more quickly. The House of Representatives approved an amendment to an appropriations bill in February 1903, calling for a new fireproof building for the House to be located on the south side of the Capitol.
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When the Cannon Building was first occupied in 1908, there were a total of 397 offices – one for each representative – and 14 committee rooms. An additional 51 rooms were added to the original structure by raising the roof and constructing a fifth floor, which was originally designated as storage space. California markets largely avoided the CBD as far office development goes, with the exception of high-profile properties like the Wilshire Grand Center in Los Angeles.
At the rear of the Rotunda, twin marble staircases lead to the imposing Caucus Room. The room is nearly 4,000 square feet, and its noteworthy architectural features include giant-order Corinthian pilasters, a full entablature, and a richly detailed ceiling ornamented with various classical motifs. The four crystal chandeliers bear unique glass shades patterned with designs that reference decorative motifs in the Capitol and period symbols of the United States. In 2022, House Resolution 1495 designated the room as the Speaker Nancy Pelosi Caucus Room in honor of Speaker Nancy Pelosi.
Phases 1-4 impact a quarter of the building, one side at a time, starting with the west wing in 2017 (New Jersey Avenue) followed by the north wing, east wing and concluding with the south wing. Construction work occurs around the clock, with activities ongoing throughout the day and night. The Cannon House Office Building, the oldest Congressional office building outside of the Capitol Building, is in need of a complete renewal. For the House office building, the Independence and New Jersey Avenue fronts were faced with marble from South Dover, New York; the C Street and First Street elevations with Georgia marble; and the court fronts with limestone from Bedford, Indiana.
This enables future work to connect to the new systems, minimizing shutdowns and disturbances. The commission chose Square 690, bounded by Independence Avenue, First Street SE, New Jersey Avenue, and C Street SE for the building. After title was secured for the government, the site was cleared by the Rezin W. Darby Company of Washington, D.C. Brennan Construction Company and Cranford Paving Company began excavation on July 18, 1903.
The new utility system will also ensure greater efficiency and ability to resolve maintenance issues in individual member suites.
The goals of the project are to increase the building's useful life by updating the known facility and infrastructure issues, bring the building in line with modern safety codes, improve energy efficiency, and meet security requirements. During the project, AOC will work on replacing and restoring the building's systems, including the HVAC, electrical, fire protection, facade, and domestic water networks that serve the building. The dominant architectural feature of Cannon's north façade is a grand colonnade spanning the third and fourth floors above Independence Avenue. The colonnade is composed of 34 fluted columns styled in a modified version of the Doric order. The columns were cleaned as well as meticulously analyzed and repaired to ensure long-lasting stability and safety. Carrère and Hastings intended the House and Senate office buildings to complement the more important Capitol.
Prior to renewal, the building experienced plumbing leaks, plaster ceiling failures and chunks of decorative stone dislodging from the building exterior and falling to the ground. The project will improve the functionality of the building for both members and staff, making it far more efficient, comfortable and safer, while retaining the historic grandeur of the building. The renewal project will replace or repair key building systems such as heating, cooling, lighting, plumbing, fire and life safety, accessibility and structural integrity. Some exterior stone was replaced including modillions, window cornices and stonework fronting the renovated ground-floor level that contains new member office suites. "The north elevation of Cannon was originally built with marble quarried in Dover, New York," said AOC's Historic Preservation Officer Mary Oehrlein. "Because that quarry has since closed, the best match we could find for the original stone was Vermont marble."
The Cannon Renewal work will continue through the other wings of the building, but the Rotunda may be the most visible and striking change of the entire project. The AOC's preservation mission is on full display in this hallowed location, which will now honor the designer’s original intent for the space that serves as the Cannon Building's front door. The rotunda features 18 Corinthian columns, an entablature, a coffered dome and double height windows that frame a picturesque view of the U.S. Phase 1 of the Cannon Renewal was recently completed and as members, staff and the public enter the Cannon House Office Building's historic rotunda, they will encounter something new — but it is actually something old. Los Angeles office space for rent listed for an average of $41.62 per square foot last month — an increase of 8.1% Y-o-Y, which was the largest asking rate growth among the markets analyzed.
Built in 1908, the Beaux-Arts style Cannon House Office Building (known on Capitol Hill by its acronym, "CHOB" or simply “Cannon”) was designed by prominent New York-based architecture firm Carrère and Hastings. Representatives across five floors, and includes four committee hearing rooms, the historic Caucus Room, and the Rotunda. The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) has substantially completed three of five planned phases to renovate the Cannon House Office Building (Cannon project). AOC completed Phase 0 utility work; the Phase 1 work to renovate the building's west side, the Phase 2 work to renovate the building's north side; and work is underway on Phase 3 of the building's east side. Completed in the spring of 1933, the Longworth House Office Building is the second of three office buildings constructed for the U.S.
On March 3, 1903, Congress appropriated construction funds and created the House Office Building Commission, composed of three representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House, to oversee the project. Representatives Joseph G. Cannon, who was elected Speaker later in 1903, William P. Hepburn, and James D. Richardson comprised the commission. Subject to their approval, Architect of the Capitol Elliott Woods was responsible for the letting of contracts and constructing the building. With this opening, the C Street, SE entrance near the garage entrance is no longer open or accessible for pedestrian use as it is part of Phase 4 underway through 2024. The basement level along C Street, SE or south corridor is closed and no longer passable for pedestrian entry or exit for the Cannon House Office Building. Formerly operating under the name of Endeavor Content, the company will be the first tenant in the 550,000-square-foot Lumen campus in Sawtelle, Calif.
With expanded space, committees could hold more public hearings, congressmen could meet with constituents, and additional staff hired to accommodate the requests that flowed into the House from citizens around the country. The House Office Building allowed the House to go about its business in a more efficient and professional manner. In December 2020, members of the House of Representatives and their staffs moved into office suites that were renovated during Phase 2 of the Architect of the Capitol's (AOC) 10-year Cannon Renewal Project.
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